How can klinefelter be treated

Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. Bearelly P, et al. Recent advances in managing and understanding Klinefelter syndrome.

Ferri FF. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Elsevier; Hererra Lizarazo A, et al. Endocrine aspects of Klinefelter syndrome. Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity. Wick MJ expert opinion. Mayo Clinic. Deng C, et al. Clinical application of noninvasive prenatal screening for sex chromosome aneuploidies in 50, pregnancies: Initial experience in a Chinese hospital. Scientific Reports. Parents of XXY males have also mentioned that taking part in physical activities at low-key levels , such as karate, swimming, tennis, and golf, were helpful in improving motor skills, coordination, and confidence.

With regard to education, some boys with KS will qualify to receive state-sponsored special needs services to address their developmental and learning symptoms. But, because these symptoms may be mild, many XXY males will not be eligible for these services. Families can contact a local school district official or special education coordinator to learn more about whether XXY males can receive the following free services:. Many of the professionals and methods for treating learning and language symptoms of the XXY condition are similar to or the same as the ones used to address social and behavioral symptoms.

For instance, boys with KS may need help with social skills and interacting in groups. Occupational or behavioral therapists might be able to assist with these skills. Some school districts and health centers might also offer these types of skill-building programs or classes.

In adolescence, symptoms such as lack of body hair could make XXY males uncomfortable in school or other social settings, and this discomfort can lead to depression, substance abuse, and behavioral problems or "acting out. Contrary to research results released decades ago, current research shows that XXY males are no more likely than other males to have serious psychiatric disorders or to get into trouble with the law.

The type of treatment needed depends on the type of symptoms being treated. Testosterone treatment can: Improve muscle mass Deepen the voice Promote growth of facial and body hair Help the reproductive organs to mature Build and maintain bone strength and help prevent osteoporosis in later years Produce a more masculine appearance, which can also help relieve anxiety and depression Increase focus and attention There are various ways to take testosterone: Injections or shots, every 2 to 3 weeks Pills Through the skin, also called transdermal pronounced tranz-DERM-ul ; current methods include wearing a testosterone patch or rubbing testosterone gel on the skin Males taking testosterone treatment should work closely with an endocrinologist pronounced en-doe-kren-AWL-oh-jist , a doctor who specializes in hormones and their functions, to ensure the best outcome from testosterone therapy.

Is testosterone therapy right for every XXY male? Not all males with XXY condition benefit from testosterone therapy. Treating Language and Learning Symptoms Some, but not all, children with KS have language development and learning delays. XXY males might benefit from any or all of the following: Physical therapists design activities and exercises to build motor skills and strength and to improve muscle control, posture, and balance. Occupational therapists help build skills needed for daily functioning, such as social and play skills, interaction and conversation skills, and job or career skills that match interests and abilities.

Behavioral therapist s help with specific social skills, such as asking other kids to play and starting conversations. They can also teach productive ways of handling frustration, shyness, anger, and other emotions that can arise from feeling "different.

They can also help with substance abuse problems. These professionals can also help families deal with the emotions of having a son with KS. Others have sparse body hair, enlarged breasts, and wide hips. In almost all men the testicles remain small. In some men the penis does not reach adult size. Their voices may not be as deep. They usually have infertility. But they can have a normal sex life.

Some boys with Klinefelter syndrome have language and learning problems. Klinefelter syndrome usually is not diagnosed until the time of puberty. At this point, the boy's testicles fail to grow, and you may start to notice other symptoms. To find out if your son has Klinefelter syndrome, your doctor will ask questions about his past health, do a physical exam, and order tests, such as a hormone test and chromosome analysis. In adult men, other tests may be done, such as semen analysis.

Sometimes Klinefelter syndrome is found before a baby is born prenatally. Genetic tests on cells collected from amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling CVS can show when a baby boy has Klinefelter syndrome.

So the condition may be found when a pregnant woman has genetic tests for another reason. Males with Klinefelter syndrome can be given testosterone, a hormone needed for sexual development. If treatment is started around the age of puberty, it can help boys with the sexual development of their bodies. Testosterone is given by injection or through a skin patch or gel. The treatment usually continues throughout a man's life but does not help infertility.

Speech therapy and educational support can help boys who have language or learning problems. If your son has been diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome:. Variants of the disease with three, four, or more extra X chromosomes are less common. These variants affect 1 in 50, or fewer newborns. Sometimes symptoms are so mild that they go unnoticed. Or symptoms can be misdiagnosed being caused by other similar conditions. Everyone is born with 23 pairs of chromosomes, or 46 chromosomes in total, inside each of their cells.

These include two sex chromosomes, X and Y. Boys with Klinefelter syndrome are born with an extra X, causing their cells to have XXY chromosomes. This mistake happens randomly during conception. Some boys have more than one extra X chromosome.

Others have different chromosome abnormalities in each cell. This is called mosaicism. This condition is usually random and not caused by anything either parent did. Women who are over age 35 when they get pregnant are slightly more likely to give birth to a baby with Klinefelter syndrome.

A small number of males with Klinefelter syndrome are diagnosed before birth when their mother has one of these tests:. If your child is slow to develop, see an endocrinologist. This doctor specializes in diagnosing and treating hormonal conditions. During the exam, your doctor will ask about any symptoms or development issues you or your child has. Two types of tests are used to diagnose Klinefelter syndrome:.